Occurrence and Patterns of Enterotoxin Genes, spa Types and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Staphylococcus aureus in Food and Food Contact Surfaces in Singapore

Staphylococcus aureus contamination of food and contact surfaces is a public health concern given its virulent antimicrobial-resistant properties worldwide. In this study, total 181 MSSA isolates were analyzed for SE genes, antimicrobial resistance patterns, spa types. Overall, 24.9% positive gene detection, with sea being the most prevalent classical (18.8%). The predominant sample sources hand swabs (6/48), meat dishes seb (3/14) seafood sec (2/24). Antimicrobial was also observed at relatively high frequencies clinically important antibiotics penicillin G ampicillin (both 54.7%), followed by tetracycline (14.9%) azithromycin (8.8%). addition, characterization types revealed type t5078 to be (40.3%), significant associations between t127 t5521 gene. This study offers insights into enterotoxin profiles S. in cooked or ready-to-eat inform future surveillance epidemiological studies.